Cystitis, or inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bladder, is, unfortunately, one of the most common urogenital disorders of the beautiful half of humanity.According to data that the World Health Organization (WHO) leads to 50% of women to transfer cystitis in one way or another during their lives (among men, this figure does not exceed 1%), with 10-15% of patients, chronic cystitis is diagnosed.And these statistics, according to the WAR -forecast, will grow in terms of incidence every year.Why is this disorder in women more frequently than in men, and it is possible to avoid cystitis and their relapses?
Physiology and nothing more than
80% of those who have approached the doctor with the diagnosis of "cystitis", representatives of the fair sex, so cystitis is often called female disease.The "guilt" of this is the anatomical characteristics of the body: the urethra (urethra) in women is shorter and more broad than in men.In addition, the vagina and anus are near the urethra, which creates adequate conditions for "settlement" and the reproduction of aggressive microorganisms in the bladder and urethra.
The causes of cystitis
The factors that cause cystitis are divided into Infectious AND Not infectious.The causal agents of the first are E. coli, clamidia, ureplasma or fungi similar to the yeast of the Candida genus.These microorganisms can fall into the bladder from the outside or from the inside, more frequently with a blood flow, lymph lymph approach in the kidneys or genital.TO non -infectious reasons Criminals in the immune system, metabolism and hormone production, the deteriorated nervous system, allergies, the consequences of radiotherapy and some other conditions and disorders.
Urologists also call predisposing cystitis factors such as:
-
hypothermia;
-
"Frivolous" closet: wear clothes that open your stomach and lower back in the cold season;Using tight things, stockings, underwear;
-
sedentary lifestyle, sedentary work (hypodinamia);
-
random sex life, unprotected sexual contacts;
-
not complement with personal hygiene rules, including intimate hygiene;
-
Violation of the emptying (the presence of residual urine in the bladder);
-
hypovitaminosis;
-
Frequent stress, excess work, lack of sleep;
-
chronic diseases of other organs and systems, especially the genitourinary system;
-
menopause, diabetes mellitus;
- The love of very spicy, spicy and very fried food (its ingredients act on the walls of the irritating bladder).
Symptoms of cystitis
Cystitis, in contrast to hyperactive bladder syndrome (these disorders are often confused), like any internal inflammatory process, proceed with enough pain.It is accompanied by frequent, including the night, calling the bathroom, a sensation of burning, pain when urinating and after the emptying, a constant sensation of overflow of the bladder and slightly high body temperature.Urine has a muddy urine, sometimes with a mixture of blood and mucus.
Forms of cystitis
Due to the nature of the course of the disease, cystitis is divided into spicy AND chronic.Acute cystitis suddenly begins, declaring with frequent campaigns in the bathroom (sometimes every 20-30 minutes), a slightly high body temperature and painful sensations in the bladder and perineum area.If the inflammatory process rises to the kidneys, then the temperature grows to the dangerous 39-40 degrees Celsius.Chronic cystitis proceeds with the same symptoms, but weaker than pronounced, while they are possible exacerbations of acute cystitis.As a disorder, chronic cystitis is secondary: the cause of its occurrence becomes any other disease of the genitourinary system or kidneys.
Diagnosis and treatment of cystitis
Both are the prerogative of the doctor, urologist or gynecologist.It is better not to participate in auto -Medication with cystitis, otherwise you can enter a chronic form.The diagnosis of the disease includes a general blood analysis (to detect signs of the inflammatory process in the body), general and biochemical analysis of urine, urine analysis for bacteriological planting (to detect the causal agent of the infection).You can also prescribe an ultrasound of the bladder and the kidneys, the smear for the study of vaginal microflora, the study of urine flow, cystoscopy, inspection of the internal surface of the bladder using a special catheter with optical and lighting systems, which is introduced through the urethra.
Cystitis treatment implies:
-
Non -fragmentary methods: physiotherapy, savings diet, sitting baths and collections of diuretic herbs;
-
Medicine therapy: analgesics, antibiotics as prescribed by the attending physician;
-
Surgery (in particularly complex advanced cases).
In the chronic form of cystitis, the treatment will be carried out taking into account the therapy of the underlying disease, for example, the infection of the genital tract.In addition, patients with cystitis are prescribed medical and preventive measures that strengthen immunity.
Cystitis prevention
Knowing the predisposing factors of the development of cystitis, it is easy to understand what the recommendations of experts will be: to combat stress, sleep, exclude the probability of hypothermia, improve diet and drink more non -carbonated water and newly prepared acidic juices and fruit drinks.In addition, in the doctor's advice list, a reminder will necessarily observe personal hygiene and leave the awkward body of tight clothing and narrow linen: these things get the blood circulation in the pelvis. Timely, looking for a doctor when disturbing symptoms are also of the utmost importance.It is recommended that women and in the absence of complaints undergo a preventive examination of the gynecologist twice a year.
Excellent health!